Aproximacions a la perspectiva de la persona en tractament de manteniment amb metadonareflexions a propòsit de 10 anys de recerca

  1. Joan Trujols Albet 112
  2. Joan Guàrdia-Olmos 345
  3. Ioseba Iraurgi Castillo 6
  4. José Pérez de los Cobos Peris 1127
  1. 1 Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau
    info

    Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/059n1d175

  2. 2 Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental
    info

    Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/009byq155

  3. 3 Universitat de Barcelona
    info

    Universitat de Barcelona

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/021018s57

  4. 4 Institut de Sistemes Complexos (UBICS), Barcelona
  5. 5 Institut de Neurociències, Barcelona
  6. 6 Universidad de Deusto
    info

    Universidad de Deusto

    Bilbao, España

    ROR https://ror.org/00ne6sr39

  7. 7 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
    info

    Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/052g8jq94

Journal:
Aloma: revista de psicologia, ciències de l'educació i de l'esport

ISSN: 1138-3194

Year of publication: 2017

Volume: 35

Issue: 2

Pages: 39-50

Type: Article

DOI: 10.51698/ALOMA.2017.35.2.39-50 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Aloma: revista de psicologia, ciències de l'educació i de l'esport

Sustainable development goals

Abstract

Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is both a specific psychopharmacological treatment of heroin dependence and a core harm-reduction intervention. Over the last 10 years we have been working to break the mould of the traditional focus on the so-called hard indicators of MMT effectiveness, pursuing instead a line of research that makes room for the consideration of the perspectives of methadone-maintained patients, resulting in several empirical and theoretical papers. Firstly, this commentary briefly and selectively summarizes some key findings from five of these papers. It then discusses the main implications of these findings. Finally, it addresses some of the challenges involved in conducting a genuinely patient-centred evaluation of MMT, along with some of the changes that would be required to accomplish this.

Bibliographic References

  • Alves, P.C., Sales, C.M. & Ashworth, M. (2013). Enhancing the patient involvement in outcomes: a study protocol of personalised outcome measurement in the treatment of substance misuse. BMC Psychiatry, 13, 337. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-13-337
  • Alves, P.C., Sales, C.M. & Ashworth, M. (2015). Personalising the evaluation of substance misuse treatment: a new approach to outcome measurement. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26, 333-335. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.11.014
  • Alves, P.C., Sales, C.M. & Ashworth, M. (2016). “It is not just about the alcohol”: service users’ views about individualised and standardised clinical assessment in a therapeutic community for alcohol dependence. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 11, 25. doi:10.1186/s13011-016-0070-5
  • Amato, L., Minozzi, S., Davoli, M. & Vecchi, S. (2011). Psychosocial combined with agonist maintenance treatments versus agonist maintenance treatments alone for treatment of opioid dependence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (10), CD004147. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004147
  • Atkinson, M.J., Sinha, A., Hass, S.L., Colman, S.S., Kumar, R.N., Brod, M. & Rowland, C.R. (2004). Validation of a general measure of treatment satisfaction, the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM), using a national panel study of chronic disease. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2, 12. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-2-12
  • Badia, X. & Bigorra, J. (2000). La Investigación de Resultados en Salud: de la evidencia a la práctica clínica. A X. Badia (Ed.), La investigación de resultados en salud: De la evidencia a la práctica clínica (pp. 13-34). Barcelona: Edimac.
  • Ball, J.C., Graff, H. & Sheehan, J.J. (1974). The heroin addicts’ view of methadone maintenance. British Journal of Addiction to Alcohol and Other Drugs, 69, 89-95. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1974.tb01285.x
  • Barr, P.J. & Elwyn, G. (2016). Measurement challenges in shared decision making: putting the ‘patient’ in patient-reported measures. Health Expectations, 19, 993-1001. doi:10.1111/hex.12380
  • Bassi, J. (2014). Cuali/cuanti: La distinción paleozoica. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 15, 7. Consultat des de http://nbnresolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs140279
  • Batalden, M., Batalden, P., Margolis, P., Seid, M., Armstrong, G., Opipari-Arrigan, L. & Hartung, H. (2016). Coproduction of healthcare service. BMJ Quality & Safety, 25, 509-517. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004315
  • Bédard, P.-O. & Ouimet, M. (2016). Persistent misunderstandings about evidence-based (sorry: informed!) policy-making. Archives of Public Health, 74, 31. doi:10.1186/s13690-016-0142-z
  • Beresford, P. (2005). Theory and practice of user involvement in research. A L. Lowes & I. Hulatt (Eds.), Involving service users in health and social care research (pp. 6-17). Abingdon: Routledge.
  • Beresford, P. (2006). A service-user perspective on evidence. A M. Slade & S. Priebe (Eds.), Choosing methods in mental health research (pp. 223-230). Hove: Routledge.
  • Bilsbury, C.D. & Richman, A. (2002). A staging approach to measuring patient-centred subjective outcomes. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 106(Supl. 414), 5-40. doi:10.1046/j.0001-690x.2002.00052.x
  • Boden, M.T. & Moos, R. (2009). Dually diagnosed patients’ responses to substance use disorder treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 37, 335-345. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2009.03.012
  • Boote, J., Telford, R. & Cooper, C. (2002). Consumer involvement in health research: a review and research agenda. Health Policy, 61, 213-236. doi:10.1016/ S0168-8510(01)00214-7
  • Brener, L., Resnick, I., Ellard, J., Treloar, C. & Bryant, J. (2009). Exploring the role of consumer participation in drug treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 105, 172-175. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.016
  • Callard, F., Rose, D. & Wykes, T. (2012). Close to the bench as well as at the bedside: involving service users in all phases of translational research. Health Expectations, 15, 389-400. doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625. 2011.00681.x
  • Carel, H. & Kidd, I.J. (2014). Epistemic injustice in healthcare: a philosophical analysis. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 17, 529-540. doi:10.1007/ s11019-014-9560-2
  • Carroll, K.M., Kiluk, B.D., Nich, C., DeVito, E.E., Decker, S., LaPaglia, D., … Ball, S.A. (2014). Toward empirical identification of a clinically meaningful indicator of treatment outcome: features of candidate indicators and evaluation of sensitivity to treatment effects and relationship to one year follow up cocaine use outcomes. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 137, 3-19. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.01.012
  • Castro, E.M., Van Regenmortel, T., Vanhaecht, K., Sermeus, W. & Van Hecke, A. (2016). Patient empowerment, patient participation and patient-centeredness in hospital care: A concept analysis based on a literature review. Patient Education and Counseling, 99, 1923-1939. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.026
  • Clarke, E., Puschner, B., Jordan, H., Williams, P., Konrad, J., Kawohl, W., … Slade, M. (2015). Empowerment and satisfaction in a multinational study of routine clinical practice. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 131, 369-378. doi:10.1111/acps.12365
  • Day, E. & Mitcheson, L. (2017). Psychosocial interventions in opiate substitution treatment services: does the evidence provide a case for optimism or nihilism? Addiction, 112, 1329-1336. doi:10.1111/add.13644
  • Doll, R. (1974). Surveillance and monitoring. International Journal of Epidemiology, 3, 305-314. doi:10.1093/ ije/3.4.305
  • Dreyer, R.P., Jones, P.G., Kutty, S. & Spertus, J.A. (2016). Quantifying clinical change: discrepancies between patients’ and providers’ perspectives. Quality of Life Research, 25, 2213-2220. doi:10.1007/s11136-0161267-9
  • Dugosh, K., Abraham, A., Seymour, B., McLoyd, K., Chalk, M. & Festinger, D. (2016). A systematic review on the use of psychosocial interventions in conjunction with medications for the treatment of opioid addiction. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 10, 93-103. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000193
  • Duke, K. & Thom, B. (2014). The role of evidence and the expert in contemporary processes of governance: the case of opioid substitution treatment policy in England. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25, 964971. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.01.015
  • DuPont, R.L., Compton, W.M. & McLellan, A.T. (2015). Five-year recovery: A new standard for assessing effectiveness of substance use disorder treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 58, 1-5. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.06.024
  • Durose, C., Needham, C., Mangan, C. & Rees, J. (2017). Generating ‘good enough’ evidence for co-production. Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 13, 135-151. doi:10.1332/174426415X14440 619792955
  • Ferri, M., Davoli, M. & D’Amico, R. (2013). Involving patients in setting the research agenda in drug addiction. British Medical Journal, 347, f4513. doi:10. 1136/bmj.f4513
  • Fischer, B., Rehm, J. & Kim, G. (2001). Quality of life (QoL) in illicit drug addiction treatment and research: Concepts, evidence and questions. A B. Westermann, C. Jellinek & G.V. Bellmann (Eds.), Substitution: Zwischen leben und sterben (pp. 21-40). Weinheim: Beltz Deutscher Studienverlag.
  • Fricker, M. (2007). Epistemic injustice. Power and the ethics of knowing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Goldenberg, M.J. (2009). Iconoclast or creed? Objectivism, pragmatism, and the hierarchy of evidence. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 52, 168-187. doi:10.1353/pbm.0.0080
  • Gowing, L., Farrell M.F., Bornemann, R., Sullivan, L.E. & Ali, R. (2011). Oral substitution treatment of injecting opioid users for prevention of HIV infection. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (8), CD004145. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004145.pub4
  • Haywood, K.L., Staniszewska, S. & Chapman, S. (2012). Quality and acceptability of patient-reported outcome measures used in chronic fatigue syndrome/ myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME): a systematic review. Quality of Life Research, 21, 35-52. doi:10.1007/ s11136-011-9921-8
  • Heath, I. (2017). The missing person: The outcome of the rule-based totalitarianism of too much contemporary healthcare. Patient Education and Counseling, 100, 1969-1974. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2017.03.030
  • Heller, D., McCoy, K. & Cunningham, C. (2004). An invisible barrier to integrating HIV primary care with harm reduction services: philosophical clashes between the harm reduction and medical models. Public Health Reports, 119, 32-39. doi:10.1177/003335490 411900109
  • Herdman, M. & Fernández, N. (2013). Los resultados comunicados por los pacientes en los ensayos clínicos. Lo importante para el paciente es lo que él percibe. A R. Dal-Ré, X. Carné & D. Gracia (Dirs.), Luces y sombras en la investigación clínica (pp. 325-346). Madrid: Triacastela.
  • Heydtmann, M., Macdonald, B., Lewsey, J., Masson, N., Cunningham, L., Irnazarow, A., … Chick, J. (2015). Tailored dose baclofen in patients with alcoholic liver disease: A case series with 2-year follow-up of hospitalisation. Addiction Research & Theory, 23, 510-517. doi:10.3109/16066359.2015.1040003
  • Hunt, G. & Barker, J.C. (1999). Drug treatment in contemporary anthropology and sociology. European Addiction Research, 5, 126-132. doi:10.1159/000018980
  • Hunt, G. & Rosenbaum, M. (1998). “Hustling” within the clinic: Consumer perspectives on methadone maintenance treatment. A J.A. Inciardi & L.D. Harrison (Eds.), Heroin in the age of crack-cocaine (pp. 188-214). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hutchison, K., Rogers, W. & Entwistle, V.A. (en premsa). Addressing deficits and injustices: The potential epistemic contributions of patients to research. Health Care Analysis. doi:10.1007/s10728-016-0323-5
  • Iraurgi, I. (2000). Calidad de vida en programas de metadona. Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española Interdisciplinaria del Sida, 11, 237-239.
  • Iraurgi, I., Trujols, J., Jiménez-Lerma, J.M. & Landabaso, M. (2011). Valoración del impacto en salud de las adicciones: Propuesta de la calidad de vida como indicador para la evaluación de resultados. A J. Bobes, M. Casas & M. Gutiérrez (Eds.), Manual de trastornos adictivos (2a ed., pp. 203-211). Madrid: Enfoque Editorial.
  • Jauffret-Roustide, M. (2004). Du point de vue des usagers, quels sont les effets, les bénéfices et les difficultés suscités par les TSO? Alcoologie et Addictologie, 26(Supl. 4), 328-335.
  • Jones, A.L., Hanusa, B.H., Appelt, C.J., Haas, G.L., Gordon, A.J. & Hausmann, L.R. (2015). Racial differences in veterans’ satisfaction with addiction treatment services. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 9, 383-390. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000144
  • Katusiime, B., Corlett, S., Reeve, J. & Krska, J. (2016). Measuring medicine-related experiences from the patient perspective: a systematic review. Patient Related Outcome Measures, 7, 157-171. doi:10.2147/ PROM.S102198
  • Kidd, I.J. & Carel, H. (2017). Epistemic injustice and illness. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 34, 172-190. doi:10.1111/japp.12172
  • Lasch, K.E., Marquis, P., Vigneux, M., Abetz, L., Arnould, B., Bayliss, M., … Rosa, K. (2010). PRO development: rigorous qualitative research as the crucial foundation. Quality of Life Research, 19, 1087-1096. doi:10.1007/s11136-010-9677-6
  • Leppo, A. & Perälä, R. (2017). Remains of care: opioid substitution treatment in the post-welfare state. Sociology of Health & Illness, 39, 959-978. doi:10.1111/ 1467-9566.12550
  • Lobo, A., Pérez-Echeverría, M.J. & Artal, J. (1986). Validity of the scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) in a Spanish population. Psychological Medicine, 16, 135-140. doi:10.1017/ S0033291700002579
  • Lomas, J., Pickard, L. & Mohide, A. (1987). Patient versus clinician item generation for quality-of-life measures. The case of language-disabled adults. Medical Care, 25, 764-769. doi:10.1097/00005650198708000-00009
  • MacArthur, G.J., Minozzi, S., Martin, N., Vickerman, P., Deren, S., Bruneau, J., … Hickman, M. (2012). Evidence for the effectiveness of opioid substitution treatment in relation to HIV transmission in people who inject drugs: a systematic review and metaanalysis. British Medical Journal, 345, e5945. doi:10.1136/bmj.e5945
  • Magasi, S., Ryan, G., Revicki, D., Lenderking, W., Hays, R.D., Brod, M., … Cella, D. (2012). Content validity of patient-reported outcome measures: perspectives from a PROMIS meeting. Quality of Life Research, 21, 739-746. doi:10.1007/s11136-011-9990-8
  • Magura, S., Goldsmith, D.S., Casriel, C., Lipton, D.S., Goldstein, P.J., Spunt, B.J. & Strug, D.L. (1988). Patient-staff governance in methadone maintenance treatment: a study in participative decision making. International Journal of the Addictions, 23, 253-278. doi:10.3109/10826088809033072
  • Marchand, K., Palis, H., Peng, D., Fikowski, J., Harrison, S., Spittal, P., … Oviedo-Joekes, E. (2015). The role of gender in factors associated with addiction treatment satisfaction among long-term opioid users. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 9, 391-398. doi:10.1097/ADM.000 0000000000145
  • Mattick, R.P., Breen, C., Kimber, J. & Davoli, M. (2009). Methadone maintenance therapy versus no opioid replacement therapy for opioid dependence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3), CD002209. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002209.pub2.
  • McLellan, A.T., Arndt, I.O., Metzger, D.S., Woody, G.E. & O’Brien, C.P. (1993). The effects of psychosocial services in substance abuse treatment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 269, 1953-1959. doi:10.1001/jama.1993.03500150065028
  • McNeil, R., Kerr, T., Pauly, B., Wood, E. & Small, W. (2016). Advancing patient-centered care for structurally vulnerable drug-using populations: a qualitative study of the perspectives of people who use drugs regarding the potential integration of harm reduction interventions into hospitals. Addiction, 111, 685694. doi:10.1111/add.13214
  • Miller, P.G. & Miller, W.R. (2009). What should we be aiming for in the treatment of addiction? Addiction, 104, 685-686. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02514.x
  • Mitchell, S.G., Schwartz, R.P., Reisinger, H.S., Peterson, J.A., Kelly, S.M., Lofti, S., … Brown, B.S. (2009, juny). Redefining retention: Three pathways for extending a treatment episode beyond a methadone program’s boundaries. Comunicació escrita presentada al 71st Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Reno, NV.
  • Mokkink, L.B., Prinsen, C.A., Bouter, L.M., Vet, H.C. & Terwee, C.B. (2016). The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) and how to select an outcome measurement instrument. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 20, 105-113. doi:10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0143
  • Neale, J., Bouteloup, A., Getty, M., Hogan, C., Lennon, P., Mc Cusker, M. & Strang, J. (en premsa). Why we should conduct research in collaboration with people who use alcohol and other drugs. Addiction. doi:10.1111/add.14015
  • Neale, J. & Strang, J. (2015a). Blending qualitative and quantitative research methods to optimize patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). Addiction, 110, 1215-1216. doi:10.1111/add.12896
  • Neale, J. & Strang, J. (2015b). Philosophical ruminations on measurement: methodological orientations of patient reported outcome measures (PROMS). Journal of Mental Health, 24, 123-125. doi:10.3109/0963823 7.2015.1036978
  • Neale, J., Tompkins, C., Wheeler, C., Finch, E., Marsden, J., Mitcheson, L., ... Strang, J. (2015). “You’re all going to hate the word ‘recovery’ by the end of this”: Service users’ views of measuring addiction recovery. Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy, 22, 26-34. doi: 10.3109/09687637.2014.947564
  • Nelson, E., Conger, B., Douglass, R., Gephart, D., Kirk, J., Page, R., … Zubkoff, M. (1983). Functional health status levels of primary care patients. Journal of the American Medical Association, 249, 3331-3338. doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330480037027
  • Ocloo, J. & Matthews, R. (2016). From tokenism to empowerment: progressing patient and public involvement in healthcare improvement. BMJ Quality & Safety, 25, 626-632. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004839
  • Pearson, A., White, H., Bath-Hextall, F., Salmond, S., Apostolo, J. & Kirkpatrick, P. (2015). A mixed-methods approach to systematic reviews. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare, 13, 121-131. doi:10.1097/XEB.0000000000000052
  • Pérez de los Cobos, J., Valero, S., Haro, G., Fidel, G., Escuder, G., Trujols, J. & Valderrama, J.C. (2002). Development and psychometric properties of the Verona Service Satisfaction Scale for methadonetreated opioid-dependent patients (VSSS-MT). Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 68, 209-214. doi:10.1016/ S0376-8716(02)00196-5
  • Perreault, M., White, N.D., Fabrès, E., Landry, M., Anestin, A.S. & Rabouin, D. (2010). Relationship between perceived improvement and treatment satisfaction among clients of a methadone maintenance program. Evaluation and Program Planning, 33, 410-417. doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.12.003
  • Pluye, P. & Hong, Q.N. (2014). Combining the power of stories and the power of numbers: mixed methods research and mixed studies reviews. Annual Review of Public Health, 35, 29-45. doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182440
  • Pope, C., Mays, N. & Popay, J. (2007). Synthesizing qualitative and quantitative health evidence: A guide to methods. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
  • Pulford, J., Adams, P. & Sheridan, J. (2009). Client/ clinician discrepancies in perceived problem improvement and the potential influence on dropout response. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 7, 497-505. doi:10.1007/s11469-007-9116-2
  • Rademakers, J., Delnoij, D. & de Boer, D. (2011). Structure, process or outcome: which contributes most to patients’ overall assessment of healthcare quality? BMJ Quality & Safety, 20, 326-331. doi:10.1136/ bmjqs.2010.042358
  • Rance, J. & Treloar, C. (2015). “We are people too”: consumer participation and the potential transformation of therapeutic relations within drug treatment. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26, 30-36. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.05.002
  • Rat, A.C., Pouchot, J., Guillemin, F., Baumann, M., Retel-Rude, N., Spitz, E. & Coste, J. (2007). Content of quality-of-life instruments is affected by itemgeneration methods. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 19, 390-398. doi:10.1093/intqhc/ mzm040
  • Regnault, A., Balp, M.M., Kulich, K. & Viala-Danten, M. (2012). Validation of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication in patients with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 11, 494-501. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2012.04.007
  • Ries, R.K., Jaffe, C., Comtois, K.A. & Kitchell, M. (1999). Treatment satisfaction compared with outcome in severe dual disorders. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 213-221. doi:10.1023/A:1018737201773
  • Room, R. (2012). Who gets to define failure in regard to drug use and its treatment? Substance Use & Misuse, 47, 1373-1374. doi:10.3109/10826084.2012.723557
  • Rose, D. (2009). Collaboration. Is collaborative research possible? A J. Wallcraft, B. Schrank & M. Amering (Eds.), Handbook of service user involvement in mental health research (pp. 169-179). Oxford: WileyBlackwell.
  • Rose, D., Evans, J., Sweeney, A. & Wykes, T. (2011). A model for developing outcome measures from the perspectives of mental health service users. International Review of Psychiatry, 23, 41-46. doi:10.3109/0 9540261.2010.545990
  • Sackett, D.L., Rosenberg, W.M., Gray, J.A., Haynes, R.B. & Richardson, W.S. (1996). Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. British Medical Journal, 312, 71-72. doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7023.71
  • Sacristán, J.A. (2013). Medicina basada en la evidencia y medicina centrada en el paciente: algunas reflexiones sobre su integración. Revista Clínica Española, 213, 460-464. doi:10.1016/j.rce.2013.05.014
  • Sordo, L., Barrio, G., Bravo, M.J., Indave, B.I., Degenhardt, L., Wiessing, L., ... Pastor-Barriuso, R. (2017). Mortality risk during and after opioid substitution treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. British Medical Journal, 357, j1550. doi:10.1136/bmj.j1550
  • Staniszewska, S., Boardman, F., Gunn, L., Roberts, J., Clay, D., Seers, K., … O’Flynn, N. (2014). The Warwick Patient Experiences Framework: patient-based evidence in clinical guidelines. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 26, 151-157. doi:10.1093/ intqhc/mzu003
  • Staniszewska, S., Crowe, S., Badenoch, D., Edwards, C., Savage, J. & Norman, W. (2010). The PRIME project: developing a patient evidence-base. Health Expectations, 13, 312-322. doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2010. 00590.x
  • Strain, E.C. & Stitzer, M.L. (Eds.) (2005). The treatment of opioid dependence. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Sweeney, A. & Morgan, L. (2009). The levels and stages of service user/survivor involvement in research. A J. Wallcraft, B. Schrank & M. Amering (Eds.), Handbook of service user involvement in mental health research (pp. 25-35). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Tambuyzer, E. & Van Audenhove, C. (2015). Is perceived patient involvement in mental health care associated with satisfaction and empowerment? Health Expectations, 18, 516-526. doi:10.1111/hex.12052
  • Terwee, C.B., Mokkink, L.B., Knol, D.L., Ostelo, R.W., Bouter, L.M. & de Vet, H.C. (2012). Rating the methodological quality in systematic reviews of studies on measurement properties: a scoring system for the COSMIN checklist. Quality of Life Research, 21, 651657. doi:10.1007/s11136-011-9960-1
  • Tiffany, S.T., Friedman, L., Greenfield, S.F., Hasin, D.S. & Jackson, R. (2012). Beyond drug use: a systematic consideration of other outcomes in evaluations of treatments for substance use disorders. Addiction, 107, 709-718. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03581.x
  • Torrens, M., Fonseca, F., Castillo, C. & Domingo-Salvany, A. (2013). Methadone maintenance treatment in Spain: the success of a harm reduction approach. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 91, 136-141. doi:10.2471/BLT.12.111054
  • Torrens, M., Fonseca, F., Galindo, L. & Farré, M. (2015). Opioid addiction: Shortand long-acting opioids. A N. el-Guebaly, G. Carrà & M. Galanter (Eds.), Textbook of addiction treatment: International perspectives (pp. 467-500). Milan: Springer.
  • Treloar, C. & Holt, M. (2006). Deficit models and divergent philosophies: Service providers’ perspectives on barriers and incentives to drug treatment. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 13, 367-382. doi:10.1080/09687630600761444
  • Trujols, J., Garijo, I., Siñol, N., del Pozo, J., Portella, M.J. & Pérez de los Cobos J. (2012). Patient satisfaction with methadone maintenance treatment: the relevance of participation in treatment and social functioning. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 123, 41-47. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.014
  • Trujols, J., Iraurgi, I., Batlle, F., Duran-Sindreu, S. & Pérez de los Cobos, J. (2015). Towards a genuinely user-centred evaluation of harm reduction and addiction treatment programmes: A further proposal. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26, 1285-1287. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.08.012
  • Trujols, J., Iraurgi, I., Siñol, N., Portella, M.J., Pérez, V. & Pérez de los Cobos, J. (2012). Satisfaction with methadone as a medication: psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 32, 69-74. doi:10.1097/ JCP.0b013e3182401e09
  • Trujols, J., Portella, M.J., Iraurgi, I., Campins, M.J., Siñol, N. & Pérez de los Cobos, J. (2013). Patient-reported outcome measures: are they patient-generated, patient-centred or patient-valued? Journal of Mental Health, 22, 555-562. doi:10.3109/09638237. 2012.734653
  • Trujols, J., Salazar, J.I. & Salazar, I. (1999). Los usuarios de drogas como ciudadanos: Los programas de reducción de daños. A E. Becoña, A. Rodríguez & I. Salazar (Eds.), Drogodependencias V. Avances (pp. 343378). Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela.
  • Trujols, J., Siñol, N., Iraurgi, I., Batlle, F., Guàrdia, J. & Pérez de los Cobos, J. (2011). Patient and clinician’s ratings of improvement in methadone-maintained patients: Differing perspectives? Harm Reduction Journal, 8, 23. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-23
  • Trujols, J., Siñol, N. & Pérez de los Cobos, J. (2010). Methadone maintenance treatment: the need to distinguish between holding dose, dose adequacy, satisfaction with methadone as a medication, and satisfaction with treatment. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30, 95-96. doi:10.1097/JCP.0b013e 3181c8b439
  • Urbanoski, K.A., Rush, B.R., Wild, T.C., Bassani, D.G. & Castel, S. (2007). Use of mental health care services by Canadians with co-occurring substance dependence and mental disorders. Psychiatric Services, 58, 962-969. doi:10.1176/ps.2007.58.7.962
  • Vanderplasschen, W., Naert, J., Vander Laenen, F. & De Maeyer, J. (2015). Treatment satisfaction and quality of support in outpatient substitution treatment: opiate users’ experiences and perspectives. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 22, 272-280. doi:10. 3109/09687637.2014.981508
  • Vayena, E., Brownsword, R., Edwards, S.J., Greshake, B., Kahn, J.P., Ladher, N., … Tasioulas, J. (2016). Research led by participants: a new social contract for a new kind of research. Journal of Medical Ethics, 42, 216-219. doi:10.1136/medethics-2015-102663
  • Vermersch, P., Hobart, J., Dive-Pouletty, C., Bozzi, S., Hass, S. & Coyle, P.K. (2017). Measuring treatment satisfaction in MS: Is the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication fit for purpose? Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 23, 604-613. doi:10.1177/135245 8516657441
  • Vogel, M., Nordt, C., Dürsteler, K.M., Lang, U.E., Seifritz, E., Krausz, M. & Herdener, M. (2016). Evaluation of medication-assisted treatment of opioid dependence-The physicians’ perspective. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 164, 106-112. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.039
  • Ward, J., Mattick, R.P. & Hall, W. (Eds.) (1998). Methadone maintenance treatment and other opioid replacement therapies. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic.
  • Weiss, I., Rabinowitz, J. & Spiro, S. (1996). Agreement between therapists and clients in evaluating therapy and its outcomes: Literature review. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 23, 493-511. doi:10.1007/ BF02108686
  • Wicks, P. (2014). Could digital patient communities be the launch pad for patient-centric trial design? Trials, 15, 172. doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-172
  • Wicks, P., Heywood, B. & Heywood, J. (2013). Online platform to accelerate patient involvement in open instrument development. Quality of Life Research, 22(Supl. 1), 55. doi:10.1007/s11136-013-0543-1
  • Williams, I. & Glasby, J. (2010). Making ‘what works’ work: The use of knowledge in UK health and social care decision-making. Policy and Society, 29, 95-102. doi:10.1016/j.polsoc.2010.03.002
  • Young, B. & Bagley, H. (2016). Including patients in core outcome set development: issues to consider based on three workshops with around 100 international delegates. Research Involvement and Engagement, 2, 25. doi:10.1186/s40900-016-0039-6