Euskararen eta gaztelaniaren erabilera ingeleseko irakaskuntza-saioetan

  1. Arocena Egaña, Elizabet
Journal:
Tantak: Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko hezkuntza aldizkaria

ISSN: 0214-9753

Year of publication: 2018

Volume: 30

Issue: 1

Pages: 37-55

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1387/TANTAK.19825 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Tantak: Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko hezkuntza aldizkaria

Sustainable development goals

Abstract

This study addresses the presence and role of L1 and L2 in the L3 classroom in a time when code-switching is still viewed as detrimental for language acquisition. This study was carried out in the multilingual context of the Basque Country where beliefs on language separation are strongly rooted. Despite the growing number of studies emphasizing the potential that the systematic and functional use of L1 in foreign language teaching might have, language education in multilingual settings is still ruled by the monolingual assumptions dominant for many years. Data for this study was collected through the medium of a week-long observation of English foreign language lessons and lessons through the medium of English (EMI) and also through interviews of the English language teachers. In addition, background information on students was collected through the means of questionnaires. The participants in this study were two secondary school teachers, from two different schools, and their 134 students. The analysis of the data shows that both teachers and students use the L1 and L2 in the L3 classroom to a certain extent and that it is for a purpose and with a function. The results also show that teachers, through their experience, start seeing the pedagogical benefits of breaking the monolingual barriers.

Bibliographic References

  • Arocena, E., Cenoz, J. & Gorter, D. (2015). Teachers’ beliefs in multilingual education in the Basque Country and in Friesland. Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education, 3:2, 169-193. DOI 10.1075/jicb.3.2.01aro
  • Arocena, E., & Popma, J. (2014). English language teaching in secondary education and the use of English outside school; a comparison of the Basque Country and Friesland. Leeuwarden/Ljouwert: Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning.
  • Arocena, E. (2017). Multilingual Education; Teachers' Beliefs and Language Use in the Classroom. Doktore-tesi argitaragabea. Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU.
  • Ballinger, S. (2015). Linking content, linking students: a cross-linguistic pedagogical intervention. In J. Cenoz and D. Gorter (Eds.), Multilingual Education; Between language learning and translanguaging (35.-60. or.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
  • Costa, F. (2011). Code-Switching in CLIL Contexts. In C.E. Urmeneta, N. Evnitskaya, E. Moore, & A. Patino (Eds.), AICLE CLIL EMILE: Educación Plurilingüe: Experiencias, Research & Politiques (15.-27. or.). Barcelona: Servei de Publicacions de la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona.
  • Cummins, J. (2014). Rethinking pedagogical assumptions in Canadian French immersion programs. Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education, 2(1), 3-22. doi: 10.1075/jicb.2.1.01cum
  • Ghorbani, A. (2011). First language use in the context of Iranian EFL classroom discourse (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Malaya, Malaysia. Retrieved from http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/5733/1/Amirabbas_ Ghorbani.pdf
  • Gierlinger, E. (2015). ‘You can speak German, sir’: on the complexity of teachers’ L1 use in CLIL, Language and Education, DOI: 10.1080/09500782.2015.1023733
  • Lasagabaster, D. (2013). The use of the L1 in CLIL classes: The teachers’ perspective. Latin American Journal of Content and Language Integrated Learning, 6(2), 1-21. DOI: 10.5294/laclil.2013.6.2.1 eISSN 2322-9721.
  • Levine, G. S. (2011). Code choice in the language classroom. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Lewis, G., Jones, B. & Baker, C. (2013). 100 Bilingual Lessons: Distributing Two Languages in Classrooms. In C. Abello-Contesse, P. M. Chandler, M. D. López-Jiménez and R. Chacón-Beltrán (Eds.), Bilingual and Multilingual Education in the 21st Century (107.-135. or.). Bristol, England: Multilingual Matters.
  • Lin, A. (2006). Beyond Linguistic Purism in Language-in-education Policy and Practice: Exploring Bilingual Pedagogies in a Hong Kong Science Classroom, Language and Education, 20(4), 287-305
  • Lin, A. (2013). Classroom code-switching: Three decades of research. Applied Linguistics Review, 4(1), 195-218.
  • Lin, A. (2015). Conceptualising the potential role of L1 in CLIL. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 28(1), 74-89. doi: 10.1080/07908318.2014.1000926
  • Littlewood, W., & Yu, B. (2011). First language and target language in the foreign language classroom. Language Teaching, 44 (1), 64-77. DOI: 10.1017/S0261444809990310
  • Lo, Y. Y. (2015). How much L1 is too much? Teachers’ language use in response to students’ abilities and classroom interaction in Content and Language Integrated Learning. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 18(3), 270-288. doi: 10.1080/13670050.2014.988112
  • Loewen, S. (2014). Introduction to instructive second language acquisition. New York: Routledge.
  • Macaro, E. (2005). Codeswitching in the L2 Classroom: A Communication and Learning Strategy. In E. Llurda (Ed.), Non-native Language Teachers: Perceptions, Challenges and Contributions to the Profession, (63.-84. or.). New York: Springer.
  • Macaro, E. (2009). Teacher use of codeswitching in the second language classroom: Exploring ‘optimal’ use. In M. Turnbull & J. Dailey-O’Cain (Eds.), First language use in second and foreign language learning (35.-49. or.). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
  • McMillan, B., & Turnbull, M. (2009). Teachers’ use of the first language in French immersion: Revisiting a core principle. In B. McMillan & M. Turnbull (Eds.), First language use in second and foreign language learning (15.-34. or.). Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Poplack, S. (2001). Code-switching (linguistic). In N. Smelser & P. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social and behavioural sciences, 2062-2065.
  • Storch, N., & Aldosari, A. (2010). Learners’ use of first language (Arabic) in pair work in an EFL class. Language Teaching Research, 14(4), 355-375. doi: 10.1177/1362168810375362
  • Swain, M. & Lapkin, S. (2000). Task-based second language learning: the uses of the first language. Language Teaching Research, 4 (3), 251-274. doi: 10.1177/136216880000400304