Evaluation of marine phytoplankton toxicity by application of marine invertebrate bioassays

  1. Eva Aylagas 1
  2. Iratxe Menchaca 1
  3. Aitor Laza-Martínez 2
  4. Sergio Seoane 2
  5. Javier Franco 1
  1. 1 AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea, z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Spain.
  2. 2 Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.
Revista:
Scientia Marina

ISSN: 0214-8358

Año de publicación: 2014

Volumen: 78

Número: 2

Páginas: 173-183

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.3989/SCIMAR.03957.26C DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Scientia Marina

Resumen

Las microalgas Alexandrium minutum y Prymnesium parvum son bien conocidas por la producción de toxinas y sus efectos negativos en nuestras costas. A. minutum produce la toxina PSP (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) que afecta a humanos y una gran variedad de organismos marinos como copépodos y marisco. Las toxinas de P. parvum producen grandes mortalidades de peces ocasionando graves impactos negativos en el ecosistema marino e importantes pérdidas económicas en acuicultura. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mejorar el conocimiento del uso de bioensayos con invertebrados marinos en la detección de la toxicidad de microalgas, mediante: (i) un test de 24-48 horas con Artemia franciscana; (ii) un test de 48 horas con embriones y larvas del erizo de mar Paracentrotus lividus; y (iii) un test de 72 horas con el anfípodo Corophium multisetosum. Los resultados muestran que las larvas de A. franciscana y P. lividus son sensibles a la toxicidad de A. minutum y P. parvum. Los análisis LC50 revelan que A. franciscana es el organismo más sensible a A. minutum. Estos resultados indican que los bioensayos con diferentes niveles de org

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Anderson D.M., Alpermann T.J., Cembella A.D. et al. 2012. The globally distributed genus Alexandrium: multifaceted roles in marine ecosystems and impacts on human health. Harmful Algae 14: 10-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.012 PMid:22308102 PMCid:PMC3269821
  • Artoxkit M. 1990. Artemia toxicity screening test for estuarine and marine waters. Standard operational procedure, Creasel, Deinze, Belgium.
  • Beiras R. 2002. Comparison of methods to obtain a liquid phase in marine sediment toxicity bioassays with Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos. Arch. Environ. Con. Tox. 42: 23-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010287 PMid:11706364
  • Borja A., Bald J., Franco J. et al. 2009. Using multiple ecosystem components, in assessing ecological status in Spanish (Basque Country) Atlantic marine waters. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 59: 54-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.11.010 PMid:19084879
  • Buttino I., Miralto A., Ianora A. et al. 1999. Water-soluble extracts of the diatom Thalassiosira rotula induce aberrations in embryonic tubulin organisation of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Mar. Biol. 134: 147-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050533
  • Carter N. 1937. New or interesting algae from brackish water. Arch. Protistenkd. 90: 1-68.
  • Casado-Martínez M.C., Beiras R., Belzunce M.J et al. 2006. Ejercicio interlaboratorio de bioensayos marinos para la evaluación de la calidad ambiental de sedimentos costeros. IV. Ensayo de toxicidad sobre sedimento con crustáceos anfípodos. Cienc. Mar. 32: 149-157.
  • Costa R.M., Fernández F. 2002. Feeding and survival rates of the copepods Euterpina acutifrons Dana and Acartia grani Sars on the dinoflagellates Alexandrium minutum Balech and Gyrodinium corsicum Paulmier and the Chryptophyta Rhodomonas baltica Karsten. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 273: 131-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00132-6
  • Delgado M., Estrada M.J., Camp J.V. et al. 1990. Development of a toxic Alexandrium minutum Halim (Dinophyceae) bloom in the harbour of Sant Carles de la Rápita (Ebro Delta, northwestern Mediterranean). Sci. Mar. 54: 1-7.
  • Faimali M., Giussani V., Piazza V. et al. 2012. Toxic effects of harmful benthic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis ovata on invertebrate and vertebrate marine organisms. Mar. Environ. Res. 76: 97-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.09.010 PMid:22000703
  • FAO 2005. Biotoxinas marinas. Estudio FAO: Alimentación y Nutrición. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación. Roma, Italy, 278 pp.
  • Fernández N. 2002. Evaluación biológica de la contaminación marina costera mediante bioensayos con embriones del erizo de mar Paracentrotus lividus. PhD thesis, University of Vigo, 211 pp.
  • Figueroa R.I., Garcés E., Bravo I. 2007. Comparative study of the life cycles of Alexandrium tamatum and Alexandrium minutum (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) in culture. J. Phycol. 43: 1039-1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00393.x
  • Franco J.M., Fernández P., Reguera B. 1994. Toxin profiles of natural populations and cultures of Alexandrium minutum Halim from Galician (Spain) coastal waters. J. Appl. Phycol. 6: 275-279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181938
  • Frangópulos M., Guisande C., Maneiro I. et al. 2000. Short-term and long-term effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum on the copepod Acartia clausi. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 203: 161-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps203161
  • Garcés E., Camp J. 2011. Habitat changes in the Mediterranean Sea and the consequences for Harmful Algal Blooms formation. In: N. Stambler (ed.), Life in the Mediterranean Sea: A look at habitat changes. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York, US, ISBN: 978-1-61209-644-5, pp. 519-541.
  • Garmendia J.M, Menchaca I., Belzunce M.J. et al. 2009. Protocolo del test de toxicidad de sedimentos marinos con larvas del erizo de mar Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816). RIM. 11-25.
  • Garmendia J.M., Menchaca I., Belzunce M.J. et al. 2010. Seasonal variability in gonad development in the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) on the Basque coast (southeastern Bay of Biscay). Mar. Pollut. Bull. 61: 259-266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.02.023 PMid:20347453
  • GEOHAB 2001. Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms, Science Plan. P. Gilbert, G. Pitcher (eds), SCOR and IOC, Baltimore and Paris, 87 pp.
  • GEOHAB 2012. Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms, Science Plan. Berdalet E., Tester P., Zingone A. (eds), IOC of UNESCO and SCOR, Paris and Newark, 64 pp.
  • Granéli E., Johansson N. 2003. Increase in the production of allelopathic substances by Prymnesium parvum cells grown under N- or P-deficient conditions. Harmful Algae 2: 135-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1568-9883(03)00006-4
  • Granéli E., Turner J.T. (eds) 2006. Ecology of Harmful Algae. Ecol. Stud. 189, Springer. 270 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32210-8 PMCid:PMC1345706
  • Guillard R.R.L., Ryther J.H. 1962. Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt, and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Can. J. Microbiol. 8: 229-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m62-029
  • Halim Y. 1960. Alexandrium minutum, n. gen. n. sp. dinoflagellé provocant des "eaux rouges". Vie Milieu 11: 102-105.
  • Hansen, E., Eilertsen H.C., Ernstsen A. et al. 2003. Anti-mitotic activity towards sea urchin embryos in extracts from the marine haptophycean Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot) Lagerheim collected along the coast of northern Norway. Toxicon. 41: 803-812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0041-0101(03)00034-5
  • Houdan A., Bonnard A., Fresnel, J. et al. 2004. Toxicity of coastal coccolithophores (Prymnesiophyceae, Haptophyta). J. Plankton Res. 26: 875-883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh079
  • ICES 2011. Report of the ICES - IOC Working Group on Harmful Algal Bloom Dynamics (WGHABD), 5-8 April 2011, Gothenburg, Sweden. ICES CM 2011/SSGHIE, 42 pp.
  • Ichimi K., Suzuki T., Ito A. 2002. Variety of PSP toxin profiles in various culture strains of Alexandrium tamarense and change of toxin profile in natural A. tamarense population. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 273: 51-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00137-5
  • Igarashi T., Satake M., Yasumoto T. 1996. Prymnesin-2: a potent ichthyotoxic and haemolytic glycoside isolated from the red tide algae Prymnesium parvum. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118: 479-480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja9534112
  • Johnsen M., Eikrem W., Olseng D.C. et al. 2010. Prymnesium parvum: The Norwegian Experience. J. Am. Water Resour. As. 46: 6-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00386.x
  • Lemée R., Pesando D., Durand-Clément M. et al. 1993. Preliminary survey of toxicity of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia introduced intro the Mediterranean. J. Appl. Phycol. 5: 485-493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182507
  • Manning S.R., La Claire J.W. 2010. Prymnesins: toxic metabolites of the golden alga, Prymnesium parvum Carter (Haptophyta). Mar. drugs. 8: 678-704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md8030678 PMid:20411121 PMCid:PMC2857367
  • Martins C.A., Kulis D., Franca S. et al. 2004. The loss of PSP toxin production in a formerly toxic Alexandrium lusitanicum clone. Toxicon. 43: 195-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2003.11.023 PMid:15019479
  • Menchaca I. 2010. Desarrollo y aplicación de herramientas para la evaluación de la calidad del medio marino del País Vasco: Bioensayos con Paracentrotus lividus y Corphium sp. PhD thesis, University of the Basque Country, 220 pp
  • Moestrup Ø. 1994. Economic aspects: 'blooms', nuisance species, and toxins. In: Green, J.C. and Leadbeater, B.S.C., (eds), The Haptophyte Algae. Clarendon Press, Oxford. 265-285.
  • Montoya N.G., Fulco V.K., Carignan M.O. et al. 2010. Toxin variability in cultured and natural populations of Alexandrium tamarense from southern South America – Evidences of diversity and environmental regulation. Toxicon. 56: 1408-1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.08.006 PMid:20732342 OSPAR 2005. Protocols on methods for the testing of chemicals used in the offshore oil industry. OSPAR Commission. 35 pp.
  • Paul V.J., Fenical W. 1984. Bioactive terpenoids from Caribbean marine algae of the genera Penicillus and Udotea (Chlorophyta). Tetrahedron. 40: 2913-2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)91301-8
  • Pedrotti M.L., Marchi B., Lemée R. 1996. Effect of Caulerpa taxifolia secondary metabolites on the embryogenesis, larval development and metamorphosis of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Oceanol. Acta. 19: 255-262.
  • Penna A., Fraga S., Masó M. et al. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships among the Mediterranean Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) species based on sequences of 5.8S gene and Internal Transcript Spacers of the rRNA operon. Eur. J. Phycol. 43: 163-178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670260701783730
  • Pérez V. 2006. La utilización de anfípodos para la evaluación integrada de la calidad de sedimentos marinos y estuáricos: su aplicación en la costa vasca. PhD thesis, University of the Basque Country, 197 pp.
  • Pérez S., Beiras R. 2010. The mysid Siriella armata as a model organism in marine ecotoxicology: comparative acute toxicity sensitivity with Daphnia magna. Ecotoxicology. 19: 196-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0405-3 PMid:19757032
  • Pohnert G. 2000. Wound- activated chemical defense in unicellular planktonic algae. Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 39: 4352-4354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20001201)39:23<4352::AID-ANIE4352>3.0.CO;2-U
  • Privitera D., Giussani V., Isola G. et al. 2012. Toxic effects of Os treopsis ovata on larvae and juveniles of Paracentrotus lividus. Harmful Algae. 18: 16-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2012.03.009
  • Remmel E.J., Kohmescher N., Larson J.H. et al. 2011. Experimental study of harmful algae-zooplankton interactions and the ultimate grazing defense. Limnol. Oceanogr. 56: 461-470. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.2.0461
  • Remmel E.J., Hambright K.D. 2012. Toxin-assisted micropredation: experimental evidence shows that contact micropredation rather than exotoxicity is the role of Prymnesium toxins. Ecol. Lett. 15: 126-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01718.x PMid:22132867
  • Ribo J.M., Kaiser K.L.E. 1987. Photobacterium phosphoreum toxicity bioassay. I. Test procedures and applications. Toxic. Assess. 2: 305-323
  • Romano G., Russo G.L., Buttino I. et al. 2003. A marine diatom-derived aldehyde induces apoptosis in copepod and sea urchin embryos. J. Exp. Biol. 206: 3487-3494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00580 PMid:12939379
  • Sarabia R. 2002. Toxicidad y acumulación de cadmio en poblaciones de diferentes especies de Artemia. PhD thesis, University of Valencia, 138 pp.
  • Seoane S., Eikrem W., Arluzea J. et al. 2009. Haptophytes of the Nervión River estuary, northern Spain. Bot. Mar. 52: 47-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2009.027
  • Sorgeloos P., Remiche-Van Der Wielen C., Persoone G. 1978. The use of Artemia nauplii for toxicity tests-A critical analysis. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2: 249-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0147-6513(78)80003-7
  • USEPA 2001. Method for assessing the chronic toxicity of marine and estuarine sediment-associated contaminants with the amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus. EPA 600/R-01/020. 102 pp.
  • USEPA 2002. Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Marine and Estuarine Organisms. Third Edition, environmental Monitoring Systems. Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, EPA 821/R-02/014. 464 pp.
  • Varela D., Paredes J., Alves-de-Souza C. et al. 2012. Intraregional variation among Alexandrium catenella (Dinophyceae) strains from southern Chile: Morphological, toxicological and genetic diversity. Harmful Algae. 15: 8-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.029
  • Yasumoto T., Oshima Y., Yamaguchi M. 1978. Occurrence of a new type of shellfish poisoning in the Tohoku district. B. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 44: 1249-1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.44.1249
  • Zhenxing W., Yinglin Z., Mingyuan Z. et al. 2006. Effects of toxic Alexandrium species on the survival and feeding rates of brine shrimp, Artemia salina. Acta Ecol. Sin. 26: 3942-3947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2032(07)60004-3
  • Zon L.I., Peterson R.T. 2005. In vivo drug discovery in the zebrafish. Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov. 4: 35-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd1606 PMid:15688071
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet