The Effective and the Controversial Uses of Code-Switching: Edwidge Danticat’s Claire of the Sea Light as Case Study

  1. Aitor 1
  1. 1 Ibarrola-Armendariz
Revista:
Complutense Journal of English Studies

ISSN: 2386-3935

Any de publicació: 2020

Número: 28

Pàgines: 35-43

Tipus: Article

DOI: 10.5209/CJES.61429 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccés obert editor

Altres publicacions en: Complutense Journal of English Studies

Resum

This article explores the different uses that Haitian-American author Edwidge Danticat makes of code-switching in her last novel Claire of the Sea Light (2013). It also delves into the effects Danticat seeks to produce on her readers by the introduction of Creole words and expressions. While the incorporation of the mother tongue is not new in Danticat’s fiction, critics have paid little attention to the diverse purposes such a tongue purports to serve in her books and to the kind of responses it has aroused from her audience. Her uses of code-switching are observed to pursue various purposes: some purely mimetic, others more closely related to her stylistic ambitions, and still others out of motivations that may be deemed debatable, as they pertain to the “exoticization” of her homeland. Ultimately, the use of code-switching in Claire of the Sea Light should be viewed as one of the most effective strategies that diasporic writers envisage to satisfy a number of important socio-pragmatic and rhetorical functions that are usually expected in ethnic fiction. These strategies also aim to guide the (mainstream) readers’ affective responses to their work in the way(s) “minority” authors believe best suit their aesthetic and ethical goals.

Referències bibliogràfiques

  • Adisa, Opal P. (2009). Up Close and Personal: Edwidge Danticat’s on Haitian Identity and the Writer’s Life. African American Review 43, 2-3: 345-355.
  • Alonso, Andoni and Pedro J. Oiarzabal, eds. (2010). Diasporas in the New Media Age: Identity, Politics, and Community. Reno and Las Vegas: University of Nevada Press.
  • Aparicio, Frances (1994). On Sub-versive Signifiers: U.S. Latina/o Writers Tropicalize English. American Literature 66, 4: 795-801.
  • Bellamy, Maria R. (2012). More than Hunter or Prey: Duality and Traumatic Memory in Edwidge Danticat’s The Dew Breaker. MELUS: The Journal of the Society of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States 37, 1: 177-197.
  • Brubaker, Rogers (2005). The “Diaspora” Diaspora. Ethnic and Racial Studies 28, 1: 1-19.
  • Callahan, Laura (2004). Spanish/English Code-switching in a Written Corpus. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Callahan, Laura (2003). The Role of Register in Spanish-English Codeswitching in Prose. Bilingual Review 27.1: 12-25.
  • Caruth, Cathy (1996). Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Casey, Ethan (2013). Review: Claire of the Sea Light by Edwidge Danticat. The Huffington Post: The Blog, 9 September 2013. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ethan-casey/review-claire-of-the-sea-_b_3870496.html?guccounter=1. Accessed 11/06/2017.
  • Charles, Ron (2013). Edwidge Danticat’s Eagerly Awaited New Novel, Claire of the Sea Light. The Washington Post, 27 August 2013. https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/book-world-edwidge-danticats-eagerly-awaited-new-novel-claire-of-the-sea-light.htlm. Accessed 11/06/2017.
  • Clifford, James (1994). Diasporas. Cultural Anthropology 9, 3 (August): 302-338.
  • Counihan, Clare (2012). Desiring Diaspora: “Testing” the Boundaries of National Identity in Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory. Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 37: 36-52.
  • Danticat, Edwidge (2013). Claire of the Sea Light. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Danticat, Edwidge (2004). The Dew Breaker. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Danticat, Edwidge (1995). Krik? Krak! New York: Soho Press, Inc.
  • De la Cruz Cabanillas, Isabel, coor. (2001). La lingüística aplicada a finales de siglo XX: Ensayos y propuestas. 2 volúmenes. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá.
  • Germain, Christine (2014). Review of Claire of the Sea Light by Edwidge Danticat. Palimpsest: A Journal on Women, Gender, and the Black International 3, 2: 214-215.
  • Glick-Schiller, Nina (2011). Locality, Globality and the Popularization of a Diasporic Consciousness: Learning from the Haitian Case. In Jackson., Regina O., ed., xxi-xxix.
  • Gumperz, John (1982). Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hall, Stuart (2019). Thinking the Diaspora: Home-Thoughts from Abroad. In Morley, David, ed., 206-226.
  • Ibarrola-Armendariz, Aitor (2010). The Language of Wounds and Scars in Edwidge Danticat’s The Dew Breaker, A Case Study in Trauma Symptoms and the Recovery Process. Journal of English Studies 8: 23-56.
  • Jackson, Regina O. (2011). Geographies of the Haitian Diaspora. New York and London: Routledge.
  • Jonsson, Carla (2005). Code-switching in Chicano Theatre: Power, Identity and Style in Three Plays by Cherrie Moraga. PhD Dissertation, presented at the Umea University, Sweden.
  • Kakutani, Michiko (2013). Where Sorrow Is as Constant as the Tides. The New York Times, 5 September 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/06/books/edwidge-danticats-novel-claire-of-the-sea-light.html. Accessed 11/06/2017.
  • Kaussen, Valerie (2015). Migration, Exclusion, “Home” in Edwidge Danticat’s Narratives of Return. In Oliver-Rotger, ed., 25-43.
  • Keller, Gary D. and Randall G. Keller (1993). The Literary Language of United States Hispanics. In Lomelí, Francisco, ed., 163-165.
  • Lipski, John M. (1982). Spanish-English Language Switching in Speech and Literature: Theories and Models. Bilingual Review 9, 3: 191-212.
  • Lomelí, Francisco, ed. (1993). Handbook of Hispanic Cultures in the United States: Literature and Arts. University of Houston: Arte Público Press.
  • Montes-Alcalá, Cecilia (2015). Code-Switching in U.S. Latino Literature: The Role of Biculturalism. Language and Literature 24, 3: 264-81.
  • Montes-Alcalá, Cecilia (2001). Oral vs. Written code-switching contexts in English-Spanish bilingual narratives. In De la Cruz Cabanillas, Isabel, coor., vol. 2, 715-720.
  • Mooney, Margarita A. (2009). Faith Makes Us Live: Surviving and Thriving in the Haitian Diaspora. Berkeley and L.A.: University of California Press.
  • Morley, David, ed. (2019). Stuart Hall: Essential Essays, Vol. 2 – Identity and Diaspora. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
  • Munro, Martin, ed. (2010). Edwidge Danticat: A Reader’s Guide. Charlottesville: University of Virginia.
  • Nesbitt, N. (2010). Diasporic Politics: Danticat’s Short Works. In Munro, Martin, ed., 73-85.
  • Oliver-Rotger, M. Antònia, ed. (2015). Identity, Diaspora, and Return in American Literature (Routledge Transnational Perspectives on American Literature). New York and London: Routledge.
  • Pamphile, Leon D. (2001). Haitians and African Americans: A Heritage of Tragedy and Hope. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
  • Safran, William (1991). Diasporas in Modern Societies: Myths of Homeland and Return. Diaspora 1.1: 83-99.
  • Sankoff, David (1998). A Formal Production-Based Explanation of the Facts of Code Switching. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 39-50.
  • Samway, Patrick S.J. (2003-04). A Homeway Journey: Edwidge Danticat’s Fictional Landscapes, Mind-scapes, Genescapes, and Signscapes in Breath, Eyes, Memory. The Journal of Southern Cultures 57, 1: 75-83.
  • Shafiq, Muna (2013). Code-Switching between Cultures and Languages: Creative Connectivity. PhD Dissertation, presented at the Université de Montréal, Canada.
  • Shamsie, Kamila (2013). Review of Claire of the Sea Light by Edwidge Danticat. The Guardian, 28 December 2013. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/dec/28/claire-sea-light-edwidge-danticat-review. Accessed 11/06/2017.
  • Sommer, Doris (2004). Bilingual Aesthetics: A New Sentimental Education. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
  • Sontag, Deborah (2013). Island Magic: Review of Claire of the Sea Light by Edwidge Danticat. The New York Times, 30 August 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/01/books/review/claire-of-the-sea-light-by-edwidge-danticat.html. Accessed 11/06/2017.
  • Timm, Leonora (1975). Spanish-English code-switching: el porqué and how not to. Romance Philology 28: 473-82.
  • Tobar, Hector (2013). Edwidge Danticat’s Claire of the Sea Light Brims with Enchantments. Los Angeles Times, 23 August 2013. http://articles.latimes.com/2013/aug/23/entertainment/la-ca-jc-edwidge-danticat-20130825. Accessed 11/06/2017.
  • Torres, Lourdes (2007). In the Contact Zone: Language, Race, Class, and Nation. MELUS: The Journal of the Society of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States 32.1: 75-96.
  • Zacaïr, Philippe, ed. (2010). Haiti and the Haitian Diaspora in the Wider Caribbean (New World Diasporas). Gainesville: University Press of Florida.