Inteligencia emocional y apego en población adultaUna revisión sistemática

  1. Alonso-Arbiol, Itziar 1
  2. Bretaña, Ione 1
  3. Mateos-Pérez, Estibaliz 1
  4. Páez, Darío 1
  5. Torres-Gómez, Bárbara 1
  6. Pascual, Aitziber 1
  7. Conejero, Susana 1
  8. Gallarin, Miriam 1
  1. 1 Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
    info

    Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

    Lejona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/000xsnr85

Revista:
Know and Share Psychology

ISSN: 2695-723X

Ano de publicación: 2020

Título do exemplar: Avances teóricos y aplicados en inteligencia emocional: Homenaje a 30 años de recorrido científico

Volume: 1

Número: 4

Páxinas: 77-90

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.25115/KASP.V1I4.4176 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: Know and Share Psychology

Resumo

La conceptualización de la inteligencia emocional (IE) y la teoría del apego en personas adultas constituyen dos de los marcos teóricos más relevantes para la comprensión del desarrollo socioemocional de los individuos y se originan de manera casi simultánea en 1990. Como consecuencia de ello, numerosos estudios afloraron para dar cuenta del influjo de las diferencias individuales en las diferentes dimensiones del apego y de la IE en diversas variables de personalidad y salud, y en ámbitos distintos (educativo, clínico, organizacional, etc.). En la presente revisión teórica se han examinado las investigaciones realizadas hasta la fecha que asocian medidas de ambos constructos con el objetivo de constatar su posible relación empírica. Así, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos Web of Science, PsycArticles, PsycInfo y Psicodoc para localizar artículos de revistas revisados por pares, escritos en idioma castellano o inglés, que evaluasen de manera empírica la relación existente entre la IE y apego en población adulta. De un total inicial de 420 registros, tras las fases de escaneo y elegibilidad, fueron 25 los artículos analizados en el presente trabajo. En 24 artículos que describen estudios con metodología correlacional se constata la asociación empírica entre IE y apego, siendo esta positiva con respecto a la seguridad en el apego y negativa con las dos dimensiones de inseguridad. Los estudios se llevaron a cabo en 14 países diferentes y con muestras de población general, clínicas y de personas empleadas. Las correlaciones son mayores para la IE percibida que para las capacidades y para algunas dimensiones específicas. Se discuten las limitaciones y futuras líneas de trabajo en el ámbito emocional.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • *Aguilar Luzón, M., Calvo Salguero, A., & Monteoliva Sánchez, A. (2012). La inteligencia emocional percibida y su relación con el apego adulto. Psicología Conductual, 20(1), 119-135.
  • Ainsworth, M. D., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the Strange Situation. Erlbaum.
  • Alonso-Arbiol, I., Balluerka, N., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). A Spanish version of the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR) adult attachment questionnaire. Personal Relationships, 14, 45-63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2006.00141.x
  • Altaras-Dimitrijević, A., & Jolić-Marjanović, Z. (2010). The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso emotional intelligence test: Psychometric properties of the Serbian version. Psihologija, 43(4), 411-426. https://doi.org/10.2298/PSI1004411A
  • *Antičević, V., Šošić, S., & Britvić, D. (2019). Emotional competence and coping mechanisms in Croatian women with Borderline personality disorder: the role of attachment. Psychiatria Danubina, 31(1), 88-94. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2019.88
  • Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D., & Taylor, G. J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1
  • Bartholomew, K. (1990). Avoidance of intimacy: An attachment perspective. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7, 147-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407590072001
  • Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
  • Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. Basic Books.
  • Brasseur, S., Grégoire, J., Bourdu, R., & Mikolajczak, M. (2013). The profile of emotional competence (PEC): Development and validation of a self-reported measure that fits dimensions of emotional competence theory. PloS one, 8(5), e62635. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062635
  • Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A.
  • Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46-76). Guilford Press.
  • Cassidy, J. (2008). The nature of the child's ties. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment. Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed.), (pp. 3-22). The Guilford Press.
  • Cassidy, J., & Kobak, R. R. (1988). Avoidance and its relationship with other defensive processes. In J. Belsky, & T. Nezworski (Eds.), Clinical implications of attachment (300-323), Erlbaum.
  • *Cherry, M. G., Fletcher, I., & O’Sullivan, H. (2013). Exploring the relationships among attachment, emotional intelligence and communication. Medical Education, 47(3), 317-325. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12115
  • *Cherry, M. G., Fletcher, I., & O'Sullivan, H. (2014). Validating relationships among attachment, emotional intelligence and clinical communication. Medical Education, 48(10), 988-997. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12526
  • *Cleveland, E. S., & Yu, M. (2019). Modeling female social aggression: predictors from multiple developmental contexts. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 180(4-5), 185-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2019.1632254
  • Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(4), 644-663. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.58.4.644
  • D’Amico, A., & Curci, A. (2011). Traduzione ed adattamento italiano del Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) [Italian translation of the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT)]. OS.
  • *Dimitrijević, A., Hanak, N., Altaras Dimitrijević, A., & Jolić Marjanović, Z. (2018). The Mentalization Scale (MentS): A self-report measure for the assessment of mentalizing capacity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 100(3), 268-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2017.1310730
  • *Dimitrijević, A. A., Marjanović, Z. J., & Dimitrijević, A. (2020). A further step towards unpacking the variance in trait and ability emotional intelligence: The specific contribution of attachment quality. Current Psychology, 39(4), 1340–1353. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9837-3
  • *Doba, K., & Nandrino, J. L. (2020). Cognitive and Emotional Empathy in Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Attachment Insecurity, Intrapersonal, and Interpersonal Emotional Competences. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 208(4), 312-318.
  • https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001130
  • Extremera, N., Fernández-Berrocal, P. y Salovey, P. (2006). Spanish version of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Version 2.0: Reliabilities, age and gender differences. Psicothema, 18, Suppl, 42-48.
  • Feeney, J., & Noller, P. (2001). Apego adulto. Desclée de Brouwer.
  • Fernández-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N., & Ramos, N. (2004). Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychological reports, 94(3), 751-755. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.751-755
  • Fraley, R. C., & Waller, N. G. (1998). Adult attachment patterns: A test of the typological model. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 77-114). Guilford Press.
  • Gillath, O., Karantzas, G. C., & Fraley, R. C. (2016). Adult attachment: A concise introduction to theory and research. Academic Press.
  • Gregory, M., Kannis-Daymand, L., Sharman, R. (2019). A review of attachment-based parenting interventions: Recent advances and future considerations. Australian Journal of Psychology, 71, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12270.
  • *Hamarta, E., Deniz, M., & Saltali, N. (2009). Attachment styles as a predictor of emotional intelligence. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 9(1), 213-229.
  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 52(3), 511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511
  • *Iliceto, P., & Fino, E. (2017). The Italian version of the Wong-Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS-I): A second-order factor analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 274-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.05.006
  • Joseph, D. L., & Newman, D. A. (2010). Emotional intelligence: An integrative meta-analysis and cascading model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 54–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017286
  • *Kafetsios, K. (2004). Attachment and emotional intelligence abilities across the life course. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 129-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.08.006
  • *Kim, Y. (2005). Emotional and cognitive consequences of adult attachment: The mediating effect of the self. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 913-923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.03.010
  • *Laible, D. (2007). Attachment with parents and peers in late adolescence: Links with emotional competence and social behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 1185-1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.03.010
  • *Lanciano, T., Curci, A., Kafetsios, K., Elia, L., & Zammuner, V. L. (2012). Attachment and dysfunctional rumination: The mediating role of emotional intelligence abilities. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 753-758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.05.027
  • *Li, X., & Zheng, X. (2014). Adult attachment orientations and subjective well-being: Emotional intelligence and self-esteem as moderators. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(8), 1257-1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2014.42.8.1257
  • MacCoun, R. J. (1998). Biases in the interpretation and use of research results. Annual Review of Psychology, 49(1), 259-287. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.259
  • *Marks, A. D., Horrocks, K. A., & Schutte, N. S. (2016). Emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between insecure attachment and subjective health outcomes. Personality and Individual Differences, 98, 188-192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.03.038
  • Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2002). Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test: User’s manual. MHS.
  • Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. Guilford Press.
  • Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2016). Adult attachment and emotion regulation. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (3r ed., pp. 507-533). Guilford Press.
  • Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2019). Attachment orientations and emotion regulation. Current Opinion in Psychology, 25, 6-10.
  • Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., Stewart, L. A. & PRISMA-P Group (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1
  • *Nandrino, J. L., Dodin, V., Cottencin, O., & Doba, K. (2020). Effect of intrapersonal emotional competences on the relationship between attachment insecurity and severity of eating disorder symptoms in patients with restrictive anorexia. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 476-492. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22877
  • *Neustadt, E. A., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., & Furnham, A. (2011). Attachment at work and performance. Attachment & Human Development, 13(5), 471-488. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2011.602254
  • *Obeid, S., Haddad, C., Akel, M., Fares, K., Salameh, P., & Hallit, S. (2019). Factors associated with the adults' attachment styles in Lebanon: The role of alexithymia, depression, anxiety, stress, burnout, and emotional intelligence. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 55(4), 607-617. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12379
  • O’Connor, P. J., Hill, A., Kaya, M., Brett, M. (2019). The measurement of emotional intelligence: A critical review of the literature and recommendations for researchers and practitioners. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 116. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01116
  • *Páez, D., Fernández, I., Campos, M., Zubieta, E., & Casullo, M. (2006). Apego seguro, vínculos parentales, clima familiar e inteligencia emocional: socialización, regulación y bienestar. Ansiedad y Estrés, 12(2-3), 329-341.
  • Petrides, K. V. (2009). Technical manual for the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaires (TEIQue). London Psychometric Laboratory.
  • Pinquart, M., Feußner, C., & Ahnert, L. (2013). Meta-analytic evidence for stability in attachments from infancy to early adulthood. Attachment & Human Development, 15(2), 189-218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2013.746257
  • *Ramos Mejía, G. (2016). Teorías implícitas sobre el amor y factores asociados. Un estudio con pacientes con dependencia afectiva patológica y población general residente en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Psicodebate: Psicología, Cultura y Sociedad, 16(2), 9-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18682/pd.v16i2.592
  • Ran, G., & Zhang, Q. (2018). The neural correlates of attachment style during emotional processing: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Attachment & Human Development, 20(6), 626-633. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2018.1465105
  • *Rossen, E., & Kranzler, J. H. (2009). Incremental validity of the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test Version 2.0 (MSCEIT) after controlling for personality and intelligence. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(1), 60-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.002
  • Salovey, P. y Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 9, 185-211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
  • Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., & Dornheim, L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167-177. https:// https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00001-4
  • *Shorey, H. S., & Chaffin, J. S. (2018). Leader–Follower Attachment: Implications for Personality Assessment in Organizational Contexts. Journal of Personality Assessment, 100(5), 518-528. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2018.1472100
  • *Stevens, F. L. (2016). Authenticity: a mediator in the relationship between attachment style and affective functioning. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 30(4), 392-414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2016.1176010
  • *Tyszkiewicz-Bandur, M., WalkieWicz, M., Tartas, M., & Bankiewicz-Nakielska, J. (2017). Emotional intelligence, attachment styles and medical education. Family Medicine & Primary Care Review, 19(4), 404-407. https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2017.70127
  • West, M., & Sheldon-Keller, A. E. (1994). Patterns of relating. Guilford.
  • Wierzbicka, A. (1993). A conceptual basis for cultural psychology. Ethos, 21(2), 205-231. https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.1993.21.2.02a00040
  • Woodhouse, S., Ayers, S., & Field, A. P. (2015). The relationship between adult attachment style and post-traumatic stress symptoms: A meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 35, 103-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.07.002
  • Zheng, X., Gu, H., & Zhu, P. (2009). A study of the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) by the Multivariate Generalizability Theory [In Chinese]. Psychological Science, 32, 181-183.
  • Zheng, L., Luo, Y., & Chen, X. (2020). Different effects of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(12), 3028-3050. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520946482
Fonte de datos: Dialnet